Terms

Consumer

A consumer is an individual or group who purchases goods or services for personal use, acting as the final user in the economic distribution chain. While often confused with a "customer"—the person who buys a product—the consumer is specifically the one who ultimately uses it, a distinction important in both legal and business contexts.

Importance of Consumers in the Market

Consumers are the engine of any capitalist economy. Their demand for goods and services is the primary motivation for producers to create and innovate. Without this consumption, the entire economic cycle would stall.

Beyond just purchasing, consumer preferences directly shape market dynamics and trends. Businesses compete to meet these evolving needs, leading to better products and services. This influence extends from product design to marketing strategies, placing the consumer at the center of business.

Consumer Behavior Trends

Modern consumer behavior is rapidly evolving, driven by technological advancements and a shift in societal values. Consumers are no longer passive recipients but active participants in the marketplace, shaping how businesses operate. This has led to several key trends that define the current landscape.

  • Personalization: demanding experiences and products that are highly tailored to individual needs and preferences.
  • Prosumerism: shifting from passive consumption to actively co-creating products and influencing brands through online content.
  • Sustainability: showing a strong preference for eco-friendly products and supporting companies with ethical practices.
  • Digitalization: increasingly using online platforms for every stage of the buying journey, from discovery to post-purchase reviews.

Consumer vs. Customer

While the terms are often used interchangeably, key distinctions determine business strategy.

  • Consumer: The end-user of a product, who may not be the purchaser. Targeting consumers allows for personalized marketing and direct feedback, which is ideal for B2C companies building brand loyalty. However, their individual purchasing power is lower. Mid-market firms often target consumers to differentiate themselves in crowded markets.
  • Customer: The individual or organization that purchases the product. Targeting customers is effective for B2B or wholesale models, as they hold the buying power and may purchase in bulk. The disadvantage is a potential disconnect from the end-user's needs. Enterprises often focus here for large-scale distribution contracts.

Rights and Responsibilities of Consumers

Consumers are protected by a set of fundamental rights that ensure fair and safe transactions in the marketplace. These rights are balanced by responsibilities that empower consumers to make informed decisions and act ethically. This dual framework fosters a healthier, more transparent economic environment.

  • Safety: to be protected from hazardous goods or services.
  • Information: to be given the facts needed to make an informed choice.
  • Awareness: to be critical and conscious of prices and quality.

Impact of Technology on Consumer Habits

Technology, particularly the internet and mobile devices, has fundamentally reshaped the consumer landscape. It has empowered individuals with unprecedented access to information and a greater voice in the marketplace. This digital shift has created new habits and expectations that businesses must now navigate.

  • Empowerment: Instantly researching products, comparing prices, and reading online reviews before purchasing.
  • Personalization: Expecting tailored recommendations and marketing based on browsing history and past behavior.
  • Convenience: Shopping anytime, anywhere through e-commerce and mobile apps with fast delivery options.
  • Prosumerism: Evolving from passive buyers to active co-creators who influence product development online.
  • Engagement: Interacting directly with brands through social media, fostering a two-way dialogue.

Frequently Asked Questions about Consumer

How does a B2B company identify its end consumer?

B2B firms identify consumers by studying their client's end-users. This involves analyzing market data and user feedback to understand who ultimately uses the product or service, which helps refine their offerings and marketing to better support their immediate customer's success.

Isn't focusing on the customer more profitable than the consumer?

Not always. While the customer makes the purchase, consumer satisfaction drives long-term loyalty and repeat business. Neglecting the end-user's experience risks churn, making a consumer-centric view crucial for sustainable profitability and brand strength in competitive markets.

How has the role of the consumer changed with digital marketing?

Consumers have evolved from passive buyers to active "prosumers." They co-create value through reviews and social media, directly shaping brand perception and product development. This shift demands that businesses engage in constant dialogue and respond to real-time feedback to stay relevant.

Other terms

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Proof of Concept

Learn about proof of concept, including steps to execute a proof of concept, & benefits of conducting a proof of concept.

Proof of Concept

Hard Sell

A hard sell is an aggressive sales technique that uses high-pressure tactics to push a customer into making an immediate purchase decision.

Hard Sell

SPIN Selling

Learn about SPIN selling, including the core principles of SPIN selling, implementing SPIN selling successfully, SPOT selling vs. SPIN selling.

SPIN Selling

Performance Monitoring

Learn about performance monitoring, including benefits of performance monitoring, key metrics to track, common challenges, & best practices.

Performance Monitoring

Win/Loss Analysis

Learn about win/loss analysis, including benefits of win/loss analysis, steps to conduct effective win/loss analysis, & common mistakes in win/loss analysis.

Win/Loss Analysis

Dialer

A dialer is software that automatically dials phone numbers for agents, boosting call efficiency and connecting them to live prospects faster.

Dialer

Sales Presentation

Learn about sales presentation, including crafting an engaging sales presentation, elements of a successful sales pitch, & sales presentation vs. product demo.

Sales Presentation

B2B Data

Learn about B2B data, including sources and types of B2B data, leveraging B2B data for sales success, & ensuring the accuracy of B2B data.

B2B Data

Sales Engineer

Learn about sales engineer, including roles and responsibilities of a sales engineer, & becoming a successful sales engineer.

Sales Engineer

System of Record

Learn about system of record, including key components of system of record, choosing the right system of record, & system of record vs. system of engagement.

System of Record

Horizontal Market

A horizontal market is one where a product or service is designed to meet a common need for a wide array of customers, regardless of their industry.

Horizontal Market

Sales Key Performance Indicators

Learn about sales key performance indicators, including identifying crucial sales KPIs, & establishing effective sales KPI goals.

Sales Key Performance Indicators

Lead Enrichment Software

Lead enrichment software adds crucial data to your leads, like contact info and firmographics, to help you better understand and engage them.

Lead Enrichment Software

Sales Pitch

Learn about sales pitch, including crafting an effective sales pitch, essential components of a sales pitch, sales pitch vs. sales presentation.

Sales Pitch

Zero-Based Budgeting (ZBB)

Learn about zero-based budgeting (ZBB), including its definition, key principles, implementation steps, benefits, challenges, and examples of ZBB in practice.

Zero-Based Budgeting (ZBB)

Sandboxes

Learn about sandboxes, including understanding sandbox environments, creating effective sandboxes, benefits of using sandboxes, & sandbox best practices.

Sandboxes

Fault Tolerance

Fault tolerance is a system's ability to continue operating without interruption when one or more of its components fail.

Fault Tolerance

D2C

Direct-to-consumer (D2C) is a sales strategy where a brand sells its products directly to end customers, bypassing any third-party retailers.

D2C

Batch Processing

Learn about batch processing, including benefits of batch processing, best practices for implementation, & common use cases.

Batch Processing

Below the Line

Learn about below the line, including key strategies for below the line marketing, & distinguishing above and below the line tactics.

Below the Line

Renewal Rate

Learn about renewal rate, including how to calculate it, why it matters, factors impacting renewal rate, & tips for improving renewal rate.

Renewal Rate

BAB Formula

Learn about BAB formula, including implementing BAB in sales strategies, crafting an effective BAB pitch, & comparing BAB with other sales frameworks.

BAB Formula

Deal Closing

Deal closing is the final step in a sales cycle. It's when a prospect signs a contract and officially converts into a paying customer.

Deal Closing

End of Quarter

“End of Quarter” (EOQ) refers to the final weeks of a business quarter when sales teams rush to meet quotas, often leading to a flurry of deals.

End of Quarter

Revenue Operations (RevOps)

Learn about revenue operations, including the core functions of revenue operations, building an effective revenue operations strategy, and more!

Revenue Operations (RevOps)

Segmentation Analysis

Learn about segmentation analysis, including understanding the benefits, steps to conduct segmentation analysis, & types of segmentation methods.

Segmentation Analysis

Day Sales Outstanding

Day Sales Outstanding (DSO) is a financial ratio that shows the average number of days it takes for a company to receive payment for a sale.

Day Sales Outstanding

Simple Object Access Protocol Application Programming Interface

Learn about SOAP API, including benefits of SOAP API, how SOAP API works, SOAP API vs. REST API, and common use cases for SOAP API.

Simple Object Access Protocol Application Programming Interface

Business Intelligence

Learn about business intelligence, including key components of business intelligence, the role of BI in decision making, business intelligence tools and techniques.

Business Intelligence

Order Management

Learn about order management, including understanding order fulfillment, best practices for order management, & benefits of effective order management.

Order Management

User Interaction

Learn about user interaction, including enhancing user interaction strategies, principles of effective user engagement, & user interaction vs. user experience.

User Interaction

Cost Per Click (CPC)

Cost Per Click (CPC) is a digital advertising model where an advertiser pays a fee each time one of their ads gets clicked by a user.

Cost Per Click (CPC)

Lead Conversion

Lead conversion is the process of turning a prospect into a customer by getting them to complete a desired action, such as making a purchase.

Lead Conversion

B2B Contact Base

Learn about B2B contact base, including building an effective B2B contact base, & strategies for expanding your contact base.

B2B Contact Base

Data Security

Data security protects digital information from unauthorized access, corruption, or theft throughout its entire lifecycle.

Data Security

Shipping Solutions

Learn about shipping solutions, including how shipping solutions work, benefits of shipping solutions, & shipping solutions best practices.

Shipping Solutions

Field Sales Rep

A field sales representative, or outside sales rep, travels to meet prospects in person, selling products or services directly within their territory.

Field Sales Rep

B2B Sales Process

Learn about B2B sales process, including key components of B2B sales processes, & crafting an effective B2B sales strategy.

B2B Sales Process

Cost Per Impression

Cost Per Impression (CPI) is the price an advertiser pays for each time their ad is displayed to a user, irrespective of clicks.

Cost Per Impression

De-dupe

De-duping, or data deduplication, is the process of eliminating duplicate copies of data within a dataset to improve accuracy and save space.

De-dupe

Lead Generation Software

Lead generation software helps businesses automate finding and capturing potential customers' contact information to build sales pipelines.

Lead Generation Software

Gated Content

Gated content is premium online material, like an ebook or webinar, that users can only access after providing their contact information.

Gated Content

Digital Contracts

Digital contracts are legally binding agreements created, signed, and stored electronically, offering a faster, more secure alternative to paper.

Digital Contracts

Employee Engagement

Employee engagement is the emotional commitment an employee has to their organization, motivating them to contribute to the company's success.

Employee Engagement

Predictive Lead Scoring

Learn about predictive lead scoring, including benefits of predictive lead scoring, & implementing predictive lead scoring successfully.

Predictive Lead Scoring

Jobs to Be Done Framework

The Jobs to Be Done (JTBD) framework focuses on understanding customer needs by identifying the specific 'job' they are trying to accomplish.

Jobs to Be Done Framework

Letter of Intent

A Letter of Intent (LOI) is a document declaring the preliminary commitment of one party to do business with another, outlining the chief terms.

Letter of Intent

GTM

A go-to-market (GTM) strategy is an action plan that outlines how a company will reach target customers and achieve a competitive advantage.

GTM

Workflow Automation

Learn about workflow automation, including benefits of workflow automation, implementing workflow automation, & common workflow automation tools.

Workflow Automation

Reverse Logistics

Learn about reverse logistics, including understanding the reverse logistics process, & benefits of implementing reverse logistics.

Reverse Logistics

Sales Pipeline Velocity

Learn about sales pipeline velocity, including maximizing sales pipeline velocity, key metrics to monitor, & improving velocity with automation.

Sales Pipeline Velocity

Buying Criteria

Buying criteria are the specific requirements and standards a customer uses to evaluate products or services before making a decision.

Buying Criteria

Account Management

Account management is the post-sales practice of building and nurturing long-term relationships with a company's most valuable clients.

Account Management

Customer Centricity

Customer centricity is a business approach that puts the customer at the heart of every decision, aiming to build loyalty and long-term value.

Customer Centricity

Customer Buying Signals

Customer buying signals are the actions, behaviors, or statements a prospect makes that indicate they are moving towards a purchase decision.

Customer Buying Signals

Customer Data Analysis

Customer data analysis is the process of examining customer information to uncover insights that drive business decisions and improve experiences.

Customer Data Analysis

B2B Sales Channels

Learn about B2B sales channels, including types of B2B sales channels, strategies for effective channel selection, & integrating technology in B2B sales.

B2B Sales Channels

Account Executive

An Account Executive (AE) is a sales professional responsible for closing new business deals and managing existing client relationships to drive revenue.

Account Executive

On-premise CRM

Learn about on-premise CRM, including benefits of on-premise CRM, cloud vs. on-premise CRM: a comparison, & implementing an on-premise CRM solution.

On-premise CRM

On Target Earnings

Learn about on target earnings, including calculating on target earnings, factors influencing on target earnings, & on target earnings vs. base salary.

On Target Earnings

Enterprise

An enterprise is a large-scale organization, often a corporation, defined by its complex structure and substantial number of employees.

Enterprise

B2B Data Solutions

Learn about B2B data solutions, including unlocking the power of B2B data, & key components of effective B2B data solutions.

B2B Data Solutions

Accessibility Testing

Accessibility testing is a software testing method that verifies an application is usable by people with disabilities, like vision or hearing loss.

Accessibility Testing

Omnichannel Marketing

Learn about omnichannel marketing, including the benefits of omnichannel marketing, & key strategies for omnichannel success.

Omnichannel Marketing

Sales Operations Analytics

Learn about sales operations analytics, including key components of sales operations analytics, & implementing sales operations analytics effectively.

Sales Operations Analytics

Direct Mail

Direct mail is a marketing method where businesses send physical promotional materials directly to potential customers' mailboxes.

Direct Mail

Ballpark

Learn about ballpark, including estimating with ballpark figures, understanding ballpark estimates in sales, & ballpark estimates vs. precise quotes.

Ballpark

Video Email

Learn about video email, including benefits of using video email, crafting an effective video email, & video email vs. traditional email.

Video Email

Sales Prospecting

Learn about sales prospecting, including strategies for effective sales prospecting, key tools for sales prospecting, comparing sales prospecting and lead g.

Sales Prospecting

Digital Rights Management

Digital Rights Management (DRM) is technology that controls access to copyrighted digital content, restricting its use, modification, and distribution.

Digital Rights Management

Marketing Operations

Marketing Operations (MOps) is the engine of a marketing team, managing the technology, processes, and people to run campaigns effectively.

Marketing Operations

Real-time Data Processing

Learn about real-time data processing, including benefits of real-time data processing, best practices for implementation, & challenges and solutions.

Real-time Data Processing

Kubernetes

Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

Kubernetes

Sales Demo

Learn about sales demo, including preparing a winning sales demo, characteristics of successful sales demos, & sales demo versus product demo.

Sales Demo

Key Accounts

Key accounts are a company's most valuable customers, vital due to their significant revenue contribution and strategic importance for growth.

Key Accounts

Opportunity Management

Learn about opportunity management, including key strategies in opportunity management, & the role of technology in managing opportunities.

Opportunity Management

AppExchange

AppExchange is Salesforce's cloud marketplace, offering a vast ecosystem of apps and expert services to extend Salesforce functionality.

AppExchange

Consultative Sales

Consultative selling is a sales approach where a salesperson acts as an advisor, focusing on understanding and solving a customer's specific needs.

Consultative Sales

Employee Advocacy

Employee advocacy is the promotion of an organization by its staff members, who share positive messages and content through their personal networks.

Employee Advocacy

Lead Enrichment

Lead enrichment adds third-party data to your raw lead lists, creating fuller prospect profiles for more effective and personalized outreach.

Lead Enrichment

WordPress

Learn about WordPress, including understanding WordPress features, benefits of using WordPress, comparing WordPress and other CMS, and essential WordPress plugins.

WordPress

Internal signals

Internal signals are data points from your own systems, like website visits or product usage, that indicate a customer's buying intent.

Internal signals

API

An API (Application Programming Interface) is a software intermediary that allows two applications to talk to each other and exchange information.

API

Behavioral Analytics

Learn about behavioral analytics, including implementing behavioral analytics successfully, & key metrics in behavioral analytics.

Behavioral Analytics

HTTP Requests

An HTTP request is a message sent by a client, like a web browser, to a server to ask for a resource, such as a web page or an image.

HTTP Requests

Sales Sequence

Learn about sales sequence, including crafting an effective sales sequence, key elements of sales sequences, & sales sequence versus email campaigns.

Sales Sequence

InMail Messages

LinkedIn InMail messages are a premium feature that lets you directly message any LinkedIn member, even if you're not connected to them.

InMail Messages

Database Management

Database management is the process of organizing, storing, and maintaining data in a database to ensure its accuracy, security, and availability.

Database Management

B2B Marketing Channels

Learn about B2B marketing channels, including maximizing B2B channel effectiveness, & exploring digital vs. traditional channels.

B2B Marketing Channels

Request for Proposal

Learn about request for proposal, including crafting a winning RFP, key elements of an effective RFP, & RFP vs. RFQ.

Request for Proposal

Precision Targeting

Learn about precision targeting, including implementing precision targeting strategies, & benefits of precision targeting in sales.

Precision Targeting

Buyer Journey

The buyer journey maps the path a potential customer takes, from first learning about a product to the final decision to buy.

Buyer Journey

Sales Pipeline Management

Learn about sales pipeline management, including key elements of sales pipeline management, & steps to optimize pipeline efficiency.

Sales Pipeline Management

Marketing Automation Platform

A marketing automation platform is software that automates marketing actions. It helps manage tasks like email campaigns and lead nurturing.

Marketing Automation Platform

Buyer Behavior

Learn about buyer behavior, including understanding the buyer's journey, influencing factors in buyer behavior, & buyer behavior and marketing strategy.

Buyer Behavior

Remote Sales

Learn about remote sales, including challenges of remote sales, strategies for effective remote sales, & remote sales vs. traditional sales.

Remote Sales

Lead Nurturing

Lead nurturing is the process of developing and reinforcing relationships with buyers at every stage of the sales funnel.

Lead Nurturing

Time on Site

Learn about time on site, including the importance of time on site, benefits of monitoring time on site, & strategies to improve time on site.

Time on Site

Chatbots

Chatbots are AI-powered programs that simulate human conversation. They interact with users via text or voice, typically for customer support.

Chatbots

LinkedIn Sales Navigator

LinkedIn Sales Navigator is a premium tool helping sales teams find and engage with the right leads and accounts on the LinkedIn network.

LinkedIn Sales Navigator